Kennel Cough
A contagious respiratory infection; usually mild but can be serious in senior dogs.
What is Kennel Cough?
Canine infectious respiratory disease complex ('kennel cough') is a syndrome caused by several pathogens including Bordetella bronchiseptica, parainfluenza virus, canine adenovirus type 2, and canine influenza. Most cases are self-limiting, but young, senior, or immunocompromised dogs can develop pneumonia.
Common signs and symptoms
Signs vary between dogs and can be subtle at first. Watch for the following, especially if several appear together or persist for more than a few days:
- Harsh, honking cough — often described as sounding like something is stuck
- Cough triggered by excitement, leash pressure, or drinking
- Retching or gagging at the end of a cough
- Mild nasal or eye discharge
- Usually normal appetite and energy
Risk factors
Certain dogs are more predisposed. Understanding risk helps you screen earlier and act sooner.
- Recent exposure to boarding kennels, day-care, dog parks, or shows
- Puppies and senior dogs
- Brachycephalic breeds (worse impact)
- Immunocompromised dogs
When to see a vet
Use this as general triage guidance, not a substitute for veterinary advice.
- Book a routine appointment if: a bright dog with a mild cough usually recovers with rest over 1–2 weeks. Ask about the Bordetella vaccine if your dog socialises.
- Seek urgent care if: lethargy, reduced appetite, fever, or laboured breathing — these suggest pneumonia and need same-day care.
Diagnosis and management
Uncomplicated cases need only rest and cough monitoring. Cough suppressants may help. Bacterial complications are treated with antibiotics. Vaccination (Bordetella intranasal or oral, plus canine influenza where indicated) reduces incidence and severity.